Applied Optics
Responses of simple optical standing wave sensors
Victor-Otto de Haan, Rudi Santbergen, Martijn Tijssen, Miro Zeman
Optical standing wave sensors have been manufactured by amorphous silicon deposition. The responses of these sensors, when subjected to standing waves, have been calculated and measured. It is shown that the responses are different depending on the way the standing wave is created. The responses ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3109-3113 (2012)]
Optical standing wave sensors have been manufactured by amorphous silicon deposition. The responses of these sensors, when subjected to standing waves, have been calculated and measured. It is shown that the responses are different depending on the way the standing wave is created. The responses ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3109-3113 (2012)]
Loss and modal properties of Ag/AgI hollow glass waveguides
Carlos M. Bledt, James A. Harrington, Jason M. Kriesel
Hollow glass waveguides, composed of Ag/AgI coatings, have been studied at 10.6 µm. The losses for different bore sizes equal the theoretical loss, which for the 700 µm bore guide was about 0.15??dB/m. The losses for the guides increase upon bending, varying linearly with increasing ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3114-3119 (2012)]
Hollow glass waveguides, composed of Ag/AgI coatings, have been studied at 10.6 µm. The losses for different bore sizes equal the theoretical loss, which for the 700 µm bore guide was about 0.15??dB/m. The losses for the guides increase upon bending, varying linearly with increasing ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3114-3119 (2012)]
Simultaneous estimation of the 3-D soot temperature and volume fraction distributions in asymmetric flames using high-speed stereoscopic images
Qunxing Huang, Fei Wang, Jianhua Yan, Yong Chi
An inverse radiation analysis using soot emission measured by a high-speed stereoscopic imaging system is described for simultaneous estimation of the 3-D soot temperature and volume fraction distributions in unsteady sooty flames. A new iterative reconstruction method taking self attenuation into ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2968-2978 (2012)]
An inverse radiation analysis using soot emission measured by a high-speed stereoscopic imaging system is described for simultaneous estimation of the 3-D soot temperature and volume fraction distributions in unsteady sooty flames. A new iterative reconstruction method taking self attenuation into ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2968-2978 (2012)]
Interferometric spatial coherence tomography: focusing fringe contrast to planes of interest using a quasi-monochromatic structured light source
Joachim Heil, Hans-Martin Heuck, Willi Müller, Matthias Netsch, Joachim Wesner
Interferograms of plane parallel optical flats are hard to interpret when acquired with coherent illumination because of the complex fringe pattern resulting from the superposition of three main contributions, namely from the reference surface and the front and back sample surfaces. We illuminate ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3059-3070 (2012)]
Interferograms of plane parallel optical flats are hard to interpret when acquired with coherent illumination because of the complex fringe pattern resulting from the superposition of three main contributions, namely from the reference surface and the front and back sample surfaces. We illuminate ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3059-3070 (2012)]
Ronchi test with equivalent wavelength
Anmi García-Arellano, Fermín Granados-Agustín, Manuel Campos-García, Alejandro Cornejo-Rodríguez
In this work we present an experimental proposal to evaluate optical surfaces with high slopes or with infrared wavelengths based on the Ronchi test as well as on the concept of equivalent wavelength. A spatial modulator is used in the implementation of the Ronchi test, and a white LED with ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3071-3080 (2012)]
In this work we present an experimental proposal to evaluate optical surfaces with high slopes or with infrared wavelengths based on the Ronchi test as well as on the concept of equivalent wavelength. A spatial modulator is used in the implementation of the Ronchi test, and a white LED with ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3071-3080 (2012)]
Wide angle conoscopic interference patterns in uniaxial crystals
Francisco E. Veiras, María T. Garea, Liliana I. Perez
The fringe pattern obtained when a divergent (or convergent) beam goes through a sample of birefringent crystal between two crossed polarizers contains information that is inherent to the crystalline sample under study. The formation of fringe patterns is analyzed from distinct approaches and with ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3081-3090 (2012)]
The fringe pattern obtained when a divergent (or convergent) beam goes through a sample of birefringent crystal between two crossed polarizers contains information that is inherent to the crystalline sample under study. The formation of fringe patterns is analyzed from distinct approaches and with ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3081-3090 (2012)]
Intense red upconversion emission of Yb/Tm/Ho triply-doped tellurite glasses
Huan Zhan, Zhiguang Zhou, Jianli He, Aoxiang Lin
By conventional melting and quenching methods, 3Yb_2O_3-0.2Tm_2O_3-xHo_2O_3 (wt%, x=0.2∼1.2) was doped into an easily fiberized tellurite glass with composition of 78TeO_2-10ZnO-12Na_2O (mol%) to form YTH-TZN78 glasses. Under 976 nm excitation, the direct sensitizing effect of Yb ions ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3091-3095 (2012)]
By conventional melting and quenching methods, 3Yb_2O_3-0.2Tm_2O_3-xHo_2O_3 (wt%, x=0.2∼1.2) was doped into an easily fiberized tellurite glass with composition of 78TeO_2-10ZnO-12Na_2O (mol%) to form YTH-TZN78 glasses. Under 976 nm excitation, the direct sensitizing effect of Yb ions ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3091-3095 (2012)]
Fluidic sensor based on the side-opened and suspended dual-core fiber
Guanjun Wang, Jiansheng Liu, Zheng Zheng, Yi Yang, Jing Xiao, Shuna Li, Yusheng Bian
For accelerating the response and enhancing the sensitivity simultaneously, a novel fluidic sensor based on a side-opened and suspended dual-core fiber and dual-beam interference detection mechanism is first explored and analyzed here. The side opening ensures a fast response by allowing fluidic ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3096-3103 (2012)]
For accelerating the response and enhancing the sensitivity simultaneously, a novel fluidic sensor based on a side-opened and suspended dual-core fiber and dual-beam interference detection mechanism is first explored and analyzed here. The side opening ensures a fast response by allowing fluidic ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3096-3103 (2012)]
Birefringence analysis of segmented cladding fiber
Ajeet Kumar, Vipul Rastogi, Arti Agrawal, B. M. A. Rahman
We present a full-vectorial modal analysis of a segmented cladding fiber (SCF). The analysis is based on the H-field vectorial finite element method (VFEM) employing polar mesh geometry. Using this method, we have analyzed the circular SCF and the elliptical SCF. We have found that the ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3104-3108 (2012)]
We present a full-vectorial modal analysis of a segmented cladding fiber (SCF). The analysis is based on the H-field vectorial finite element method (VFEM) employing polar mesh geometry. Using this method, we have analyzed the circular SCF and the elliptical SCF. We have found that the ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3104-3108 (2012)]
Thermo-optic coefficients study in KGd(WO_4)_2 and KY(WO_4)_2 by a modified minimum deviation method
Pavel A. Loiko, Valery V. Filippov, Konstantin V. Yumashev, Nikolai V. Kuleshov, Anatoly A. Pavlyuk
Thermo-optic coefficients anisotropy was characterized in monoclinic potassium (rare-earth) double tungstates KGd(WO_4)_2 and KY(WO_4)_2 in the spectral range of 0.44–0.63 μm by a modified minimum deviation method. This approach takes into account the changes in the shape and ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2951-2957 (2012)]
Thermo-optic coefficients anisotropy was characterized in monoclinic potassium (rare-earth) double tungstates KGd(WO_4)_2 and KY(WO_4)_2 in the spectral range of 0.44–0.63 μm by a modified minimum deviation method. This approach takes into account the changes in the shape and ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2951-2957 (2012)]
High-precision three-dimensional shape reconstruction via digital refocusing in multi-wavelength digital holography
Li Xu, Carl C. Aleksoff, Jun Ni
Three-dimensional (3D) shape reconstructions and metrology measurements are often limited by depth-of-field constraints. Current focus-detection-based techniques are insufficient to profile out-of-focus 3D objects with high axial accuracy. Extended-focus imaging (EFI) techniques can improve the ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2958-2967 (2012)]
Three-dimensional (3D) shape reconstructions and metrology measurements are often limited by depth-of-field constraints. Current focus-detection-based techniques are insufficient to profile out-of-focus 3D objects with high axial accuracy. Extended-focus imaging (EFI) techniques can improve the ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2958-2967 (2012)]
Ultrashort pulsed fiber laser welding and sealing of transparent materials
Huan Huang, Lih-Mei Yang, Jian Liu
In this paper, methods of welding and sealing optically transparent materials using an ultrashort pulsed (USP) fiber laser are demonstrated which overcome the limit of small area welding of optical materials. First, the interaction of USP fiber laser radiation inside glass was studied and single ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2979-2986 (2012)]
In this paper, methods of welding and sealing optically transparent materials using an ultrashort pulsed (USP) fiber laser are demonstrated which overcome the limit of small area welding of optical materials. First, the interaction of USP fiber laser radiation inside glass was studied and single ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2979-2986 (2012)]
Electromechanically driven variable-focus lens based on transparent dielectric elastomer
Sang-ik Son, David Pugal, Taeseon Hwang, Hyouk Ryeol Choi, Ja Choon Koo, Youngkwan Lee, Kwang Kim, Jae-Do Nam
Dielectric elastomers with low elastic stiffness and high dielectric constant are smart materials that produce large strains (up to 300%) and belong to the group of electroactive polymers. Dielectric elastomer actuators are made from films of dielectric elastomers coated on both sides with ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2987-2996 (2012)]
Dielectric elastomers with low elastic stiffness and high dielectric constant are smart materials that produce large strains (up to 300%) and belong to the group of electroactive polymers. Dielectric elastomer actuators are made from films of dielectric elastomers coated on both sides with ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2987-2996 (2012)]
Generalized eikonal approximation for fast retrieval of particle size distribution in spectral extinction technique
Li Wang, Xiaogang Sun, Feng Li
In retrieving particle size distribution from spectral extinction data, a critical issue is the calculation of extinction efficiency, which affects the accuracy and rapidity of the whole retrieval. The generalized eikonal approximation (GEA) method, used as an alternative to the rigorous Mie ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2997-3005 (2012)]
In retrieving particle size distribution from spectral extinction data, a critical issue is the calculation of extinction efficiency, which affects the accuracy and rapidity of the whole retrieval. The generalized eikonal approximation (GEA) method, used as an alternative to the rigorous Mie ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 2997-3005 (2012)]
Color image security system using double random-structured phase encoding in gyrator transform domain
Muhammad Rafiq Abuturab
A novel method for encoding color information based on a double random phase mask and a double structured phase mask in a gyrator transform domain is proposed. The amplitude transmittance of the Fresnel zone plate is used as structured phase-mask encoding. A color image is first segregated into ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3006-3016 (2012)]
A novel method for encoding color information based on a double random phase mask and a double structured phase mask in a gyrator transform domain is proposed. The amplitude transmittance of the Fresnel zone plate is used as structured phase-mask encoding. A color image is first segregated into ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3006-3016 (2012)]
Modeling optical microfiber loops for seawater sensing
Shanshan Wang, Jing Wang, Guoxiang Li, Limin Tong
Based on resonant and waveguiding properties of optical microfiber loops, we theoretically investigated silica microfiber loop resonators (MLRs) for refractive index (RI) and salinity sensing of seawater. Dependences of sensitivity and detection limit on probing wavelength, fiber diameter, and ring ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3017-3023 (2012)]
Based on resonant and waveguiding properties of optical microfiber loops, we theoretically investigated silica microfiber loop resonators (MLRs) for refractive index (RI) and salinity sensing of seawater. Dependences of sensitivity and detection limit on probing wavelength, fiber diameter, and ring ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3017-3023 (2012)]
Tunable liquid crystal microlens array using hole patterned electrode structure with ultrathin glass slab
Zhao Xiangjie, Liu Cangli, Zhang Dayong, Luo Yongquan
A configuration of hole patterned electrode liquid crystal microlens array with an ultrathin glass slab was fabricated. To reduce the fringing electric field effect and avoid the occurrence of disclination lines, an ultrathin glass slab was introduced between the patterned electrode and liquid ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3024-3030 (2012)]
A configuration of hole patterned electrode liquid crystal microlens array with an ultrathin glass slab was fabricated. To reduce the fringing electric field effect and avoid the occurrence of disclination lines, an ultrathin glass slab was introduced between the patterned electrode and liquid ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3024-3030 (2012)]
Complex optical index of single wall carbon nanotube films from the near-infrared to the terahertz spectral range
Sylvain Maine, Charlie Koechlin, Stéphanie Rennesson, Julien Jaeck, Simon Salort, Bruno Chassagne, Fabrice Pardo, Jean-Luc Pelouard, Riad Haïdar
We retrieve the complex optical index of single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) films in the 0.6–800 μm spectral range. Results are obtained from a complete set of optical measurements, reflection and transmission, of free-standing CNT films using time domain spectroscopy in the terahertz ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3031-3035 (2012)]
We retrieve the complex optical index of single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) films in the 0.6–800 μm spectral range. Results are obtained from a complete set of optical measurements, reflection and transmission, of free-standing CNT films using time domain spectroscopy in the terahertz ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3031-3035 (2012)]
Polarization resolved classification of winter road condition in the near-infrared region
Johan Casselgren, Mikael Sjödahl
Three different configurations utilizing polarized short-wave infrared light to classify winter road conditions have been investigated. In the first configuration, polarized broadband light was detected in the specular and backward directions, and the quotient between the detected intensities was ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3036-3045 (2012)]
Three different configurations utilizing polarized short-wave infrared light to classify winter road conditions have been investigated. In the first configuration, polarized broadband light was detected in the specular and backward directions, and the quotient between the detected intensities was ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3036-3045 (2012)]
Compact micromachined infrared bandpass filters for planetary spectroscopy
Willie C. Merrell, Shahid Aslam, Ari D. Brown, James A. Chervenak, Wei-Chung Huang, Manuel Quijada, Edward J. Wollack
The future needs of space-based, observational planetary and astronomy missions include low mass and small volume radiometric instruments that can operate in high-radiation and low-temperature environments. Here, we focus on a central spectroscopic component, the bandpass filter. We model the ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3046-3053 (2012)]
The future needs of space-based, observational planetary and astronomy missions include low mass and small volume radiometric instruments that can operate in high-radiation and low-temperature environments. Here, we focus on a central spectroscopic component, the bandpass filter. We model the ... [Appl. Opt. 51, 3046-3053 (2012)]
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